How do the life expectancies compare between males and females?

Females typically have a higher life expectancy than males due to a combination of biological, behavioral, and social factors. Research indicates that women generally outlive men by several years in most parts of the world. This is often attributed to genetics, as females have two X chromosomes, which can offer advantages in terms of resilience to certain health conditions. Additionally, females tend to engage in healthier lifestyle choices that contribute to longevity, such as lower rates of smoking and increased healthcare utilization.

Furthermore, social factors play a significant role; women are often more likely to seek medical attention when needed and are generally better at maintaining social networks that can bolster mental and emotional health, which are crucial for longevity. Therefore, the observation that females have a higher life expectancy is consistent across many studies and demographics worldwide.

The other options do not reflect the established understanding of demographic trends regarding life expectancy. Males exhibiting a higher life expectancy or equality between genders misrepresents the findings in contemporary health studies. The notion that life expectancy is constant across genders overlooks the significant trends observed globally.