Which health inequity indicator measures the rate of new cases of a condition?

The indicator that measures the rate of new cases of a condition is incidence. Incidence specifically refers to the number of new cases diagnosed within a specific time frame in a defined population, providing insight into the risk of individuals developing that condition. This measure is crucial for understanding how widely a health issue may be spreading within a community or population.

Prevalence, on the other hand, indicates the total number of cases—both new and existing—at a given time, which does not specifically highlight new occurrences. Hospitalization rates reflect the frequency of hospital admissions due to a condition but do not directly indicate the rate of new cases. Mortality rates measure the number of deaths caused by a condition over a certain period, which also does not pertain to the incidence of new cases. Thus, incidence is the most appropriate indicator for understanding how often new cases arise in a population.